Young woman with smartphone waiting while her electric car is charging at the charging station at home, sustainable and economical transportation concept.
You’ve seen them on the street and admired them in your neighbor’s driveway. Electric vehicles (EVs) and hybrid vehicles are currently growing in popularity and it’s easy to see why. Environmental benefits and cost savings are two of the biggest selling points, but advances in technology, style and performance are just as important.
Almost every major automaker has launched electric and/or hybrid models, with the variety of models, sizes and styles growing all the time. Charging stations are becoming more common, making parking and charging easier than ever.
If you’ve been thinking about switching to an electric or hybrid vehicle, you’re definitely not alone. Consumer interest in electric vehicles has been on the rise over the past five years. Nationwide, about 35% of drivers are considering buying or leasing an electric vehicle in the next five years, according to a 2023 Consumer Reports survey. That number is closer to 54% in California, where a law passed in 2022 requires all new cars, trucks and SUVs sold in the state to be zero-emission vehicles by 2035.
Knowing the basics of electric vehicles can help you decide if you’re ready to buy and what type of vehicle is right for you. Here’s a quick overview to get you started.
What is an electric vehicle?
An electric vehicle (EV) has an electric motor instead of an internal combustion engine and is powered by a large rechargeable battery. Unlike traditional vehicles that burn fossil fuels, electric vehicles produce no exhaust emissions, making them a cleaner mode of transportation.
Types of electric vehicles
- Battery electric vehicles: These are fully electric vehicles that rely solely on battery power. Examples include the Kia EV9, Tesla Model S, Nissan Leaf, Chevrolet Bolt, Hyundai Ioniq 5, Honda Prologue, and Rivian R1S. Battery electric vehicles must be plugged into an electrical outlet to charge.
- Plug-in hybrids: These vehicles combine a conventional combustion engine with an electric motor. They can be charged via a power outlet, but also have a gasoline engine that kicks in when the battery is empty. Examples include the Niro Plug-In Hybrid from Kia, the Toyota Prius Prime and the Chevrolet Volt.
- Hybrid electric vehicles: These vehicles have both an internal combustion engine and an electric motor, but cannot be plugged in. The battery is charged by regenerative braking and the engine uses gasoline. Examples include Kia’s 2025 Sorrento Hybrid, the Toyota Prius and the Honda Insight.
Advantages of electric vehicles
- Environmental impact: Electric vehicles help reduce greenhouse gas emissions and air pollution because they do not emit exhaust fumes. This is particularly beneficial in urban areas where air quality can be poor.Cost savings: Although electric vehicles may have a higher initial cost, their running costs are often lower. Electricity is generally cheaper than gasoline, and electric vehicles have fewer moving parts, which can mean lower maintenance costs.Performance: Many electric vehicles offer impressive acceleration and a smooth ride thanks to the instant torque of their electric motors.
Charging your electric vehicle
There are simple options for where and how to charge your electric vehicle. There are three categories of chargers available: Level 1, Level 2, and DC fast chargers. Level 1 chargers can take several hours to fully charge (overnight is ideal), while Level 2 chargers typically take a few hours. DC fast chargers can charge a significant portion of the battery in as little as 30 minutes.
- Charging at home: Most electric vehicle owners charge their vehicle at home using a Level 1 charger connected to a standard 120-volt outlet or a faster 240-volt Level 2 charger. Installing a Level 2 charger can make home charging more efficient.
- Public charging: There are several public charging networks, such as Tesla Superchargers, ChargePoint and Electrify America. These networks offer fast charging options and are often located in convenient locations such as shopping centers and parking garages.
Range and efficiency
One of the things that electric vehicle buyers care about most is range—the distance an electric vehicle can travel on a single charge. Modern electric vehicles have ranges that meet the needs of most daily commutes, but it’s important to consider your driving habits and whether the vehicle’s range fits your lifestyle.
Government incentives
Federal, state, or local governments may offer financial incentives to encourage the adoption of electric vehicles. These may include tax credits, rebates, and access to carpool lanes. Some of these incentives are income-based, such as a $7,500 federal tax credit for new electric vehicles and a $4,000 state tax credit for used electric vehicles.
Maintenance and durability
Electric vehicles generally require less maintenance than conventional vehicles. They don’t need to change oil and have fewer moving parts, which can reduce the likelihood of mechanical failure. However, the condition of the battery is critical. Most electric vehicle batteries are designed to last for many years, but it’s important to follow the manufacturer’s care recommendations.
More information
Electric vehicles represent a shift towards cleaner and more efficient modes of transportation. With advances in technology and improved infrastructure, electric vehicles are becoming a more practical and attractive choice for many drivers. For more information on electric vehicles and hybrid vehicles, see our electric vehicle and hybrid vehicle buying guide.
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